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1 Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and 2 Department of Pathology-Tumor Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Correspondence: For correspondence contact: Purnima Dubey, Medical Center Blvd., Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1092. E-mail: pdubey{at}wfubmc.edu
Cell-mediated therapy (immunotherapy) for the treatment of cancer is an active area of investigation in animal models and clinical trials. Despite many advances, objective responses to immunotherapy are observed in a small number of cases, for certain tumor types. To better understand differences in outcomes, it is critical to develop assays for tracking effector cell localization and function in situ. The fairly recent use of molecular imaging techniques to track cell populations has presented researchers and clinicians with a powerful diagnostic tool for determining the efficacy of cell-mediated therapy for the treatment of cancer. This review highlights the application of whole-body noninvasive radioisotopic, magnetic, and optical imaging methods for monitoring effector cells in vivo. Issues that affect sensitivity of detection, such as methods of cell marking, efficiency of cell labeling, toxicity, and limits of detection of imaging modalities, are discussed.
Key Words: cancer imaging cell-mediated therapy noninvasive imaging
COPYRIGHT © 2008 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine, Inc.
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