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Use of Adrenomedullin Derivatives for Molecular Imaging of Pulmonary Circulation

¹ Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute/Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ² Department of Radiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; ³ Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Armand Frappier, Pointe-Claire, Quebec, Canada; and ⁴ Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Correspondence: For correspondence or reprints contact: Jocelyn Dupuis, Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Bélanger St., Montreal, Quebec, Canada H1T 1C8. E-mail: jocelyn.dupuis{at}bellnet.ca

Currently, there is no low-molecular-weight agent for imaging of the pulmonary circulation. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a peptide predominantly cleared by the pulmonary circulation through specific endothelial receptors. We developed human AM derivatives radiolabeled with ^99mTc and evaluated their biodistribution, plasma kinetics, and utility as pulmonary vascular imaging agents. Methods: Two derivatives radiolabeled with ^99mTc were evaluated: the natural cyclic form of the peptide, to which the chelator diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid was added (C-DTPA-AM), and the linear form, which allows direct labeling (L-AM). The compounds were injected into dogs, and the activities of the tracers in blood and in organs were determined with a nuclear medicine camera. Single-pass pulmonary clearance was measured by the indicator dilution technique. The capacity to image perfusion defects was evaluated after surgical pulmonary artery ligation. Results: Both derivatives were rapidly cleared from plasma, with elimination half-lives of 42 and 32 min for C-DTPA-AM and L-AM, respectively. The lungs retained most of the activity after 30 min; this activity was higher (P = 0.02) for L-AM (42% ± 5% [mean ± SEM]) than for C-DTPA-AM (27% ± 1%). Lung activity slowly declined over time but was maintained after 2 h at approximately 20% for both tracers. The single-pass pulmonary clearance of plasma L-AM was 414 ± 85 mL/min. There was a higher level of urinary excretion of L-AM than of C-DTPA-AM. After pulmonary artery ligation, perfusion defects were easily detectable by external imaging. Conclusion: AM derivatives are promising compounds for molecular imaging of the pulmonary circulation. L-AM displayed higher levels of initial lung retention and of kidney excretion.

Key Words: radiopharmaceutical • peptide • receptor • biodistribution • lung

COPYRIGHT © 2008 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine, Inc.

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