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Basic Science Investigation |
1 Division of Nuclear Medicine, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and 2 Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
Correspondence: For correspondence or reprints contact: Igal Madar, PhD, JHOC 4230, 601 N. Caroline St., Baltimore MD 21287. E-mail: imadar{at}jhmi.edu
Myocardial perfusion imaging plays an important role in clinical management of coronary artery disease, but the most commonly used radionuclides significantly underestimate the severity of coronary artery stenosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential clinical utility of the PET compound 18F-fluorobenzyl triphenyl phosphonium (18F-FBnTP) and characterize its capacity to assess the severity of coronary artery stenosis in a canine model in vivo and ex vivo. Methods: 18F-FBnTP myocardial uptake was measured in 17 dogs with various degrees of stenosis of the left anterior descending (LAD) or circumflex (LCx) coronary arteries during adenosine vasodilation, using dynamic PET and 
-well counting. True myocardial blood flow in ischemic (IS) and nonischemic (NIS) beds of the left ventricle was determined with radioactive microspheres. 18F-FBnTP and 99mTc-tetrofosmin activities were compared in 8 dogs ex vivo. Results: The quantitative assessment of the perfusion defect was significantly (P < 0.03) more accurate with 18F-FBnTP than with 99mTc-tetrofosmin, in mild (IS/NIS; 0.72 ± 0.08, 0.93 ± 0.07, respectively, mean ± SE) and severe stenosis (0.42 ± 0.05, 0.64 ± 0.08, respectively), compared with microsphere flow (mild, 0.43 ± 0.06; severe, 0.22 ± 0.04). The IS/NIS ratio of both radionuclides correlated linearly with microsphere flow disparity with a similar slope. Flow defect contrast was 2.7 times greater for 18F-FBnTP than for 99mTc-tetrofosmin, as inferred from the regression line intercept (0.14 vs. 0.38, respectively). The 18F-FBnTP PET IS/NIS ratio (mild, 0.70 ± 0.04; severe, 0.46 ± 0.02), did not differ statistically (P 
0.330) from that measured ex vivo. A nearly identical qualitative and quantitative estimate of stenosis severity was obtained by early, short (5–15-min) and delayed, prolonged (30–60-min) 18F-FBnTP PET scans. The stenotic area measured by PET was 16% smaller than that defined by tissue staining. Conclusion: 18F-FBnTP PET is a promising new technology for rapid noninvasive detection and assessment of perfusion defect severity in the myocardium.
Key Words: ischemia • perfusion • heart • PET • FBnTP • tetrofosmin
COPYRIGHT © 2007 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine, Inc.
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