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Clinical Investigation |
1 Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland; 2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and 3 Nuclear Medicine Division, Brain Molecular Imaging Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Correspondence: For correspondence or reprints contact: Jae Seung Kim, MD, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Poongnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736 Korea. E-mail: jaeskim{at}amc.seoul.kr
Parametric imaging of serotonin transporters (SERT) with 11C-labeled 3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethyl-phenylsulfanyl)benzonitrile ([11C]DASB) PET is a useful data analysis tool. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements of SERT binding potential (BP) and relative blood flow (R1) by a 2-parameter multilinear reference tissue parametric imaging method (MRTM2) for human [11C]DASB studies. Methods: Eight healthy subjects (3 men, 5 women; age, 26 ± 9 y) underwent 2 [11C]DASB PET scans separated by 1 h on the same day (dose, 703 ± 111 MBq). Parametric images of BP and R1 were generated by MRTM2 using the cerebellum as a reference region. The k'2 (clearance rate constant from the reference region) required by MRTM2 was estimated by the 3-parameter MRTM. Reproducibility of BP and R1 measurements was evaluated by calculating bias (100 x (retest – test/test), variability (SD of the bias), and reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 
) for several representative regions of interest (ROIs). BP and R1 were estimated for ROI time–activity curves fitted by MRTM2 and were compared with those based on the parametric images. Results: The test–retest (0.066 ± 0.013/0.06 ± 0.011 min–1) MRTM k'2 reproducibility was excellent with small bias (3%) and variability (6%) and high reliability (0.95). Retest BP values were consistently lower than those of test BP values in all regions (a mean negative bias of 
6%; P < 0.001). The test–retest BP variability was relatively small, ranging from 4% to 13%, with ranging from 0.44 to 0.85. In contrast to BP, test–retest R1 values were similar with negligible bias of 
0.1%. The test–retest R1 variability was excellent and smaller than that of BP ranging from 3% to 6%, with ranging from 0.58 to 0.95. BP and R1 values estimated by the ROI time–activity curve-fitting method were slightly lower (3% and 1%, respectively) than those by the parametric imaging method (P < 0.001). However, the test–retest bias and variability of BP and R1 were very similar for both ROI and parametric methods. Conclusion: Our results suggest that [11C]DASB parametric imaging of BP and R1 with the noninvasive MRTM2 method is reproducible and reliable for PET studies of SERT.
Key Words: PET • parametric imaging • reproducibility • linearized reference tissue model • [11C]DASB • serotonin transporters • noninvasive quantification
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