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Kidney Allografts and Remaining Contralateral Donor Kidneys Before and After Transplantation: Assessment by Quantitative ^99mTc-DMSA SPECT

¹ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
² Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery "B," Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

We used ^99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) quantitative SPECT (QDMSA) to assess the function of kidneys before harvesting and after transplantation as well as the function of remaining donor kidneys. Methods: Nineteen kidney donors underwent a baseline QDMSA study before nephrectomy. The allografts of these kidneys were studied in recipients at 1 wk, 1–2 mo, and 6–15 mo after transplantation. The kidneys remaining in 16 donors were studied at 1–2 mo and 6–15 mo after harvesting. The parameters obtained in each SPECT study included functional volume, concentration of ^99mTc-DMSA per cubic centimeter of renal tissue, and total kidney uptake. Clinical evaluation and determination of serum creatinine levels took place at the same time as SPECT. Results: On the basis of the clinical evaluation, 14 grafts had normal function and 5 were impaired. The mean ± SD of kidney uptake values expressed as percentage of baseline values were 131% ± 30% in normal grafts versus 57% ± 5% in impaired grafts at 1 wk (P < 0.01), 173% ± 57% versus 65% ± 10% at 1–2 mo (P < 0.001), and 190% ± 50% versus 69% ± 14% at 6–15 mo after transplantation (P < 0.01). Uptake values in the donors’ remaining kidneys were 159% ± 27% of baseline values at 1–2 mo and 164% ± 30% at 6–15 mo after nephrectomy. Allografts and remaining kidneys showed a similar increase in total kidney uptake as a result of an increase in both functional volume and concentration. Conclusion: QDMSA may be a noninvasive assessment tool in kidney transplantation from living donors.

Key Words: transplantation • SPECT • ^99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid