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Sigma Receptor Scintigraphy with N-[2-(1'-Piperidinyl)Ethyl]-3-¹²³I-Iodo-4-Methoxybenzamide of Patients with Suspected Primary Breast Cancer: First Clinical Results

¹ Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a new iodobenzamide, N-[2-(1'-piperidinyl)ethyl]-3-¹²³I-iodo-4-methoxybenzamide (P-¹²³I-MBA), to visualize primary breast tumor in humans in vivo. Tumor accumulation of benzamides is based on a preferential binding to sigma receptors that are overexpressed on breast cancer cells. Methods: P-¹²³I-MBA (148–185 MBq) was administered to 12 patients with a mammographically suspicious breast mass. Two hours after administration, whole-body and spot images of the healthy and the diseased breast were obtained. Results: A focal increased tracer accumulation was observed in 8 of 10 patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer (mean tumor-to-background ratio, 2.04). No uptake was seen in a case of lymphatic adenitis. Conclusion: This preliminary patient study shows that P-¹²³I-MBA accumulates in most breast tumors in vivo. Future work should focus on the relationship between P-¹²³I-MBA uptake and the proliferative activity of cells to anticipate use of this technique as a tool to noninvasively assess the degree of tumor proliferation.

Key Words: breast cancer • sigma receptors • iodobenzamides • proliferation

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