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Clinical Investigations |
1 Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
2 Division of Cardiology, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
For patients with acute myocardial infarction who undergo primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), it is important to promptly identify those in whom a significant delayed improvement of global left ventricular function is to be expected as a result of successful treatment. Methods: In 51 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent primary PTCA with a good angiographic result, the late outcome of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was established after a 6-mo follow-up. In the early phase after infarction (within 
1 wk of infarction), the contractile reserve of the infarct zone was evaluated using dobutamine echocardiography and compared with the assessment of infarct size, infarct severity, and mean tracer activity of the infarct zone obtained using resting 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT. Receiver-operating-curve (ROC) analysis was used to define the reliability of the various parameters for identifying the patients with a follow-up LVEF increase of 
5 LVEF units. Results: Of the 48 patients without restenosis at follow-up, 34 showed significant LVEF improvement. The evaluation of the contractile reserve of the infarct zone achieved an ROC curve area of 0.75 ± 0.07 with 74% sensitivity, 71% specificity, and 73% overall accuracy. Of the 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT parameters, the extent of the infarct had no diagnostic value according to ROC analysis. The mean activity of the infarct zone had an ROC curve area of 0.64 ± 0.09 with 82% sensitivity, 50% specificity, and 73% overall accuracy. The infarct severity had an ROC area of 0.76 ± 0.08 (not significant vs. mean activity and vs. contractile reserve) with 77% sensitivity, 71% specificity, and 75% overall accuracy. Conclusion: Evaluation of the contractile reserve of the infarct zone using dobutamine echocardiography and assessment of the tracer activity of the infarct zone or infarct severity using 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in the early phase after infarction are able to identify the patients in whom successful primary PTCA will be followed by significant late LVEF improvement.
Key Words: acute myocardial infarction • echocardiography • primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty • 99mTc-sestamibi
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