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Measurement of Regional Cerebral Plasma Pool and Hematocrit with Copper-62-Labeled HSA-DTS

Faculties of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto
Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Fukui Medical School, Fukui, Japan

Correspondence: For correspondence or reprints contact: Hidehiko Okazawa, MD, Montreal Neurological Institute, Cyclotron Unit, McGill University, 3801 University St, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4.

ABSTRACT

We developed copper-62-labeled human serum albumin-dithiosemicarbazone (⁶²Cu-HSA-DTS) as a blood-pool imaging agent for PET. To evaluate ⁶²Cu-HSA-DTS for plasma-pool imaging and to measure the regional cerebral hematocrit, 12 normal volunteers and 7 patients with cerebrovascular disease underwent PET studies with ⁶²Cu-HSA-DTS and ¹⁵O-labeled carbon monoxide (C¹⁵O). Methods: The normal subjects were studied with both C¹⁵O and ¹⁵Cu-HSA-DTS. All patients were examined by ¹⁵O-gas studies to measure cerebral perfusion and oxygen metabolism, followed by measurement of plasma volume with ⁶²Cu-HSA-DTS for analysis of regional cerebral hematocrit. Regional cerebral hematocrit was calculated from regional cerebral red cell volume (rCRCV) measured by C¹⁵O and regional plasma volume (rCPV) measured by ⁶²Cu-HSA-DTS in each subject, and the regional cerebral, large-vessel hematocrit ratio was obtained for both cerebral hemispheres in each subject. ^Results: Mean regional cerebral hematocrit and mean cerebral/large-vessel hematocrit ratio in the 12 normal volunteers were 38.3 ± 3.45% and 0.88 ± 0.06, respectively. In the seven patients with cerebrovascular disease, regional cerebral hematocrit was significantly lower on the hypoperfused side than the normal hemisphere. The images of rCPV and rCRCV from these patients demonstrated a greater increase in rCPV than rCRCV in the hypoperfused area. Conclusion: These results suggest that ⁶²Cu-HSA-DTS can be used for measurement of plasma volume and that regional cerebral hematocrit may provide valuable information regarding the microcirculation in the brain.

Key Words: PET • copper-62-labeled human serum albumin-dithiosemicarbazone • plasma volume • regional hematocrit

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