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PET Hydroxyephedrine Imaging of Neuroblastoma

Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan

Correspondence: For correspondence or reprints contact: Barry L. Shulkin, MD, Pediatric Nuclear Medicine, MCHC F3313, University of Michigan Medical Center, 200 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0229.

ABSTRACT

The goals of this investigation were to characterize the uptake of ¹¹C-hydroxyephedrine (HED) in neuroblastoma and to determine the feasibility and potential advantages of utilizing this compound as a tumor imaging agent. Methods: Seven patients with known or subsequently proven neuroblastoma were studied. Each patient underwent PET scanning with ¹¹C-HED. Six of seven patients underwent scintigraphy with [¹²³I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), and two patients were also studied with [¹⁸F]FDG PET. For six patients, CT or MR images were available for comparison. Results: Neuroblastomas were located by PET scanning with ¹¹C-HED in all seven patients. The uptake of HED into neuroblastomas was rapid; tumors were evident on images within 5 min postintravenous injection. Those lesions in the field of view of the PET camera were also identified on [¹²³I]MIBG scintigraphic images. In two patients, tumor deposits in the abdomen were better visualized with MIBG scintigraphy due to relatively less hepatic accumulation of MIBG than HED. Conclusion: PET scanning with HED for neuroblastoma results in high quality functional images of the tumors that can be obtained within minutes following injection.

Key Words: PET • neuroblastoma • carbon-11-HED • iodine-123-MIBG • fluorine-18-FDG

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