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Radiolabeled Chimeric Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody Compared with the Original Mouse Monoclonal Antibody for Surgically Treated Colorectal Carcinoma

Division of Nuclear Medicine, Departments of Surgery and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire, Genève, Switzerland

Correspondence: For correspondence and reprints contact: Franz Buchegger, MD, Division of Nuclear Medicine, CHUV, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

ABSTRACT

Biodistribution and tumor uptake of a chimeric human-mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) and the original mouse MAb have been comparatively studied. Methods: Eighteen patients with suspected colorectal cancer scheduled for surgery underwent immunoscintigraphy with ¹²³I-labeled chimeric anti-CEA MAb. Iodine-125 and ¹³¹I trace-labeled chimeric and original mouse MAb were simultaneously injected for biodistribution studies. Results: Similar serum kinetics and a low immunogenicity were observed for both antibodies. Mean binding capacity to CEA measured in PBS after radiolabeling was identical for both MAbs and it was slightly decreased when measured in serum 1–4 hr after injection. Radiochromatograms of patients sera showed immune complex formation related to the amount of circulating CEA. Postoperative ex vivo radioactivity counting in tissue samples revealed similar antibody distributions with notably similar antibody uptakes in tumors. High tumor uptakes (between 0.02 to 0.06% injected dose per g) were observed in 3 of 13 patients operated for primary or metastatic colorectal cancer. Conclusion: In this dual-label technique, the radioiodinated anti-CEA IgG₄ chimeric MAb and the original mouse IgG₁ MAb were shown to have very similar behavior in colorectal cancer patients.

Key Words: chimeric monoclonal antibody • carcinoembryonic antigen • tumor uptake • colorectal carcinoma

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