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Evaluation of Liver Tumors Using fluorine- 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET: Characterization of Tumor and Assessment of Effect of Treatment

Second Department of Surgery, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Shinichi Okazumi, MD, Department of Surgery, Numazu City Hospital, 550 Harunoki Aza Higashishiiji Numazu, 410-03 Japan.

ABSTRACT

To evaluate glucose metabolism in patients with tumors involving the liver, 35 patients with liver lesions had PET using ¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). FDG (148 MBq) was injected and radioactivity of the tumor was scanned dynamically by PET. The rate constants (k₁, k₂, k₃, k₄ of FDG in a metabolic model were calculated. The results were compared to hexokinase activity in the excised tumor specimens. k₃ was found to reflect tumor hexokinase activity. When k₃ was used as an index (cut-off value: 0.025),it was possible to distinguish benign and malignant tumors. k₄ was significantly higher in hepatocellular carcinoma. By using k₃ and k₄ as indices, one could assess the degree of differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma. After treatment, k₃ decreased according to the effectiveness of therapy and thus may be a useful index for quantitatively assessing tumor viability.

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