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Radiation Dosimetry for Technetium-99m-MAG₃, Technetium-99m-DTPA, and Iodine-131-OIH Based on Human Biodistribution Studies

Medical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia; College of Pharmacy (Radiopharmacy) University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; and University of California, San Francisco, Saint Agnes Medical Center, Fresno, California

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Andrew Taylor, Jr., MD, Department of Radiology, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Rd., N.E., Atlanta, GA 30322.

ABSTRACT

Radiation dose estimates were calculated for the renal agents ^99mTc-DTPA, ^99mTc-MAG₃, and ¹³¹I-OIH from biodistribution data gathered in groups of healthy human volunteers. Biokinetics were evaluated by Anger camera imaging, blood sampling, and urine collection and counting. Collected data were fit to four- or five-compartmental models using the CONversational Simulation, Analysis, and Modeling (CONSAM) software. Radiation dose estimates were performed using standard MIRD techniques. Average residence times in urinary bladder, kidney, and remainder of the body were used to predict radiation dose equivalents and effective dose equivalents for the three agents. Doses for DTPA and MAG₃ were very similar and much lower on a per unit injected activity than OIH. The effective dose equivalents were 3.3 mSv/370 MBq for ^99mTc-DTPA, 3.7 mSv/370 MBq for ^99mTc-MAG₃, and 0.99 mSv/11.1 MBq for ¹³¹I-OIH for bladder voiding every 4.8 hr; effective dose equivalents were 2.0 mSv/370 MBq for ^99mTc-DTPA, 1.5 mSv/370 MBq for ^99mTc-MAG₃, and 0.28 mSv/11.1 MBq for ¹³¹I-OIH for bladder voiding at 30 min and then every 4.0 hr. Patients should void at the conclusion of the study, as early voiding can reduce the gonadal radiation dose by a factor of 2 to 3.

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