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Selective 2-[¹⁸F]Fluorodopa Uptake for Melanogenesis in Murine Metastatic Melanomas

Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, The Research Institute for Tuberculosis and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Correspondence: For reprints contact: K. Ishiwata. PhD, Div. Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980, Japan.

ABSTRACT

The relationship between 3,4-dihydroxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-L-phenylalanine (2-[¹⁸F]FDOPA) uptake and melanogenesis was studied using mice bearing two B16 melanomas: B16-F1 has a higher melanin synthesis ability and a slower growing rate than the higher metastatic B16-F10. A significantly higher 2-[¹⁸F]FDOPA uptake by B16-F1 than by B16-F10 and a reverse relationship for the uptake of [¹⁴C] 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose and [³H]thymidine were observed 1 hr postinjection. F1-to-F10 ratios of both the 2-[¹⁸F]FDOPA uptake and the acid-insoluble radioactivity increased to about 5 at 6 hr, which paralleled the melanin content. FM3A mammary carcinoma showed a 2-[¹⁸F] FDOPA uptake similar to the B16-F10 but without the acid-insoluble radioactivity. With D,L-DOPA loading, a 55% decreased uptake by FM3A 1 hr postinjection was significantly greater than the 20% reduction in both melanomas. O-Methylated 2-[¹⁸F]FDOPA was a predominant acid-soluble metabolite in all tumors. Whole-body autoradiography discriminated the two melanomas clearly. 2-[¹⁸F]FDOPA may be a promising tracer for the selective imaging of melanogenesis.

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