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Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry: A Precise Method of Measuring Bone Mineral Density in the Lumbar Spine

Department of Clinical Chemistry, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Marc Allan Hansen, MD, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Glostrup Hospital, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark.

ABSTRACT

We compared two methods of measuring spinal bone mineral content and density (BMC/BMD): conventional dual-photon absorptiometry (DPA) and a more recent method, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The clinical usefulness of both methods was compared in the measurement of BMC in the forearm. DEXA had a long-term in vivo precision of 1% which was significantly better than that of DPA. Changes in the distribution of fatty tissue influenced the accuracy of the two spinal methods in different ways. Forearm BMC discriminated between the bone mass of early and late postmenopausal women the same degree as DPA and DEXA. The variability in the response to estrogen treatment and placebo was much lower with DEXA and forearm BMC than with DPA. We conclude that DEXA provides a fast and precise measurement of spinal BMC/BMD. The accuracy remains to evaluated for in vivo studies.

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