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SPECT Quantitation of Iodine-131 Concentration in Phantoms and Human Tumors

Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Endocrinology, and Oncology, Rambam Medical Center and the Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Division of Nuclear Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Dov Front, MD, PhD, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 35254, Israel.

ABSTRACT

The validity of SPECT measurement of iodine-131 (¹³¹I) concentration was tested in vitro in phantoms and in vivo by measuring bladder urine concentrations. Phantom studies comparing known and SPECT measured concentrations showed a good correlation for ¹³¹I (r = 0.98, s.e.e. = 20.94 counts/voxel) for phantoms of 25 to 127 cc and concentrations of 0.13 to 9.5 µCi/cc. The in vivo, in vitro correlation of ¹³¹I concentrations in the urine was also good (r = 0.98, s.e.e. = 0.677 µCi/cc). Quantitative SPECT was used to calculate the effective half-life and dosimetry of radioiodine in 12 sites of thyroid carcinoma in seven patients. SPECT was also used to determine the dosimetry of [¹³¹l]MIBG (metaiodobenzylguanidine) in two patients with carcinoid, two with neuroblastoma, and one with pheochromocytoma. The radiation dose for thyroid carcinoma metastases varied between 6.3 and 276.9 rad/mCi. The dose from MIBG varied between 13.4 and 57.8 rad/mCi. These results indicate the validity of quantitative SPECT for in vivo measurement of ¹³¹I and the need to measure the concentration of ¹³¹I in individual human tumor sites.

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