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Thallium-201 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Suspected Lung Cancer

Department of Nuclear Medicine and First Department of Surgery, Kanazawa University, School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Norihisa Tonami, MD, Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Japan 920.

ABSTRACT

Thallium-201 SPECT was performed in 30 patients with suspected lung cancer. Both early and delayed scans demonstrated abnormal accumulation in all of 23 malignant pulmonary lesions including 21 lung cancer and in two of seven benign conditions. There were significant differences in delayed ratio (uptake ratio of the lesion to the normal lung on delayed scan) and retention index (degree of retention in the lesion) between lung cancer and benign conditions, respectively (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). The delayed ratio and retention index revealed that adenocarcinoma showed higher ²⁰¹Tl accumulation than squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma (p < 0.05) and ²⁰¹Tl clearance in squamous cell carcinoma was faster than in the other two (p < 0.05). Mediastinal involvement was detected in five of seven patients on delayed scans. The smallest lesion depicted was 1.5 cm in diameter. Two false negatives had small metastases < 1.0 cm in diameter. This method seems to be useful to detect lung cancer, to differentiate malignant from benign lesions, and to evaluate mediastinal involvement from lung cancer.

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