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Kinetics of Copper-PTSM in Isolated Hearts: A Novel Tracer for Measuring Blood Flow with Positron Emission Tomography

Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
School of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Marc E. Shelton, MD, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., Box 8086, St. Louis, MO 63110.

ABSTRACT

Copper(II)pyruvaldehyde bis(N⁴-methylthiosemicarbazone) ([Cu]PTSM) has shown potential as a flow tracer and can be labeled with the generator-produced positron emitting radionuclide ⁶²Cu as well as with other copper radioisotopes. To define the myocardial handling of [Cu]PTSM, the externally detected single pass extraction and retention of [⁶⁷Cu] PTSM was characterized after bolus administration in 12 isolated rabbit hearts perfused with erythrocyte-enriched modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer which permitted physiologic flow rates. The myocardial residual (extraction) fraction at control flow rates (1.5 ml/g/min) was 45 ± 7(s.d.)% (n = 12), and was invariate with ischemia (flow = 0.15 ml/g/min, n = 4), hyperemia (flow = 3 ml/g/min, n = 4) or with hypoxia induced by perfusion at control flow rates with hypoxic buffer (n = 4) (residual fraction 45 ± 20, 43 ± 8, and 49 ± 8%, respectively, p = N.S.). Once extracted, the tracer was retained with a biologic t of >3600 min in all groups. The high single-pass extraction, which is not influenced by flow, and the prolonged retention of this tracer under diverse conditions indicate that [Cu]PTSM could be a useful tracer for measuring blood flow with positron emission tomography.

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