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Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography in AIDS Dementia Complex

Neurological Department, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Psychiatric Department, and Dermatological Department, University of Innsbruck, Austria

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Peter Pohl, MD, Neurological Dept., University Clinic, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

ABSTRACT

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies were performed in AIDS dementia complex using IMP in 12 patients (and HM-PAO in four of these same patients). In all patients, SPECT revealed either multiple or focal uptake defects, the latter corresponding with focal signs or symptoms in all but one case. Computerized tomography showed a diffuse cerebral atrophy in eight of 12 patients, magnetic resonance imaging exhibited changes like atrophy and/or leukoencephalopathy in two of five cases. Our data indicate that both disturbance of cerebral amine metabolism and alteration of local perfusion share in the pathogenesis of AIDS dementia complex. SPECT is an important aid in the diagnosis of AIDS dementia complex and contributes to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder.

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