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Detection of Malignant Melanoma with Iodine-123 Iodoamphetamine

Research Service and Nuclear Medicine Service, V.A. Medical Center, Sepulveda
Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Marvin B. Cohen, Nuclear Medicine Service, V.A. Medical Center, Sepulveda, CA 91343.

ABSTRACT

Iodoamphetamine (IMP) was shown by in vitro assay to have a high uptake by human melanotic melanoma cells, as compared to amelanotic melanoma cells. Eleven patients with proven malignant melanoma (MM) and 3 normal subjects were imaged at 2–4 hr and 16–24 hr after the i.v. injection 5 mCi (185 MBq) of [¹²³I]IMP. One patient had a recurrent tumor that was subsequently shown to be squamous cell carcinoma. The index lesion was not visualized in the three patients with amelanotic melanomas. The index lesion/lesions were visualized in six of the seven other patients, except for 4/16 nodules in one patient. The seventh patient had a large, necrotic melanotic tumor that was not visualized, but an unsuspected lesion in the iliac nodes was detected. Multiple unsuspected lesions were detected in a second patient. While many lesions were seen at 2–4 hr, all lesions (other than a patient with small bowel disease) were seen best at 16–24 hr. No eye uptake was observed in any patient or control subject. Testicular uptake was seen in all males at 16–24 hr. Iodine-123 IMP appears to be a useful agent for the detection and follow-up of patients with melanotic MM.

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