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Serum TSH, Thyroglobulin, and Thyroidal Disorders in Atomic Bomb Survivors Exposed in Youth: 30-Year Follow-Up Study

Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Statistics, and Clinical Laboratories, and the First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Isao Morimoto, MD, First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Sakamoto-Machi, Nagasaki 832, Japan.

ABSTRACT

Follow-up examinations to determine the frequency of thyroidal disorders were conducted by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF) on individuals in Hiroshima and Nagasaki who were less than 20 yr of age at the time of exposure to the atomic bomb. Concentrations of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin (TG), and anti-TG antibody 30 yr after exposure were also determined. Nontoxic uninodular goiter was found in 13 cases of the 100+ rad exposed group (n = 477) and in three cases of the nonexposed group (n = 501). The prevalence in the 100+ rad exposed group was significantly higher (chi-squared = 6.584, p < 0.01). Thyroid cancer was found in eight exposed cases, all of whom were in the 100+ rad group, and the prevalence was significantly greater (chi-squared = 7.919, p < 0.01). Regardless of the presence or absence of thyroidal disorders, serum TSH and TG levels were not statistically different between the 100 rad+ exposed and nonexposed groups. Although hypothyroidism was found in 23 of the total cases, there was no correlation between its development and exposure to ionizing irradiation.

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