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Role of Thallium-201 Total-Body Scintigraphy in Follow-Up of Thyroid Carcinoma

Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Correspondence: For reprints contact: C.A. Hoefnagel, MD, Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Antoni van Leeuwenhoekhuis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the reliability of total-body scintigraphy using [²⁰¹Tl]chloride in postoperative follow-up of thyroid carcinoma, this procedure was performed in 326 patients after total thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma. The results were compared with those of ¹³¹I scintigraphy and thyroglobulin assays. ²⁰¹Tl total-body scintigraphy was found to have the greatest sensitivity (94%), whereas ¹³¹I scintigraphy had the highest specificity (99%). It is shown that ²⁰¹Tl total-body scintigraphy is a useful procedure in follow-up of thyroid cancer, however, the combination of parameters provides the greatest reliability. In medullary thyroid carcinoma, which is usually ¹³¹I negative, ²⁰¹Tl total-body scintigraphy can be of great value for the localization of metastases which are indicated by elevated serum levels of calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen.

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