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Comparison of Renal Extraction Efficiencies for Radioactive Agents in the Normal Dog

Upstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York

Correspondence: For reprints contact: John G. McAfee, MD, Dept. of Radiology, Upstate Medical Ctr., SUNY, Syracuse, NY 13210

ABSTRACT

The renal extraction efficiencies for various radioactive agents were measured in normal anesthetized dogs during 1 hr after a single intravenous injection. Radioassays were made on serial blood samples drawn simultaneously from the aorta upstream from the renal arteries and from one renal vein. As a reference substance [¹³¹I]o-iodohippurate was injected concurrently in all experiments. Blood clearances from serial venous samples and urinary excretion also were measured. Extraction efficiency from whole blood was calculated as (A – V) ÷ A, where A = aortic concentration and V = renal venous concentration. This ratio for commercial [¹³¹I]o-iodohippurate fell steadily from 88% at 30 sec to 50% at 1 hr. For "purified" [¹³¹I]o-iodohippurate the fall was less marked, to 61% at 1 hr. The EE ratios for all other agents were stable after the first minute. The Tc-99m complexes of DTPA, glucoheptonate, and acetylcysteine had ratios averaging 27–29 %. The ratios of Tc-99m DMS and Hg-197 chlormerodrin had much lower average values of 8 and 14%, respectively. None of the newer agents approached the extraction efficiency of [¹³¹I]o-iodohippurate.