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Complexes of Technetium with Hydroxycarboxylic Acids: Gluconic, Glucoheptonic, Tartaric, and Citric

Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center and University of Alabama Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Charles D. Russell, MD, Nuclear Medicine Service, VA Medical Ctr., 700 S. 19th Street, Birmingham, AL 35233.

ABSTRACT

Technetium complexes of several hydroxycarboxylic acids are used for medical imaging. To determine the oxidation state of technetium in these agents, we studied the reduction of pertechnetate (Tc-99) in 0.1 M solutions of four hydroxycarboxylic acids, using polarography and amperometric titration with Sn(II). In D-gluconate below pH 6, Tc(III) and Tc(V) complexes were identified with certainty, Tc(IV) questionably; at pH 6 to 10, Tc (IV) and Tc(V) were formed; above pH 10, Tc(III), Tc(IV), and Tc(V). In D-glucoheptonate below pH 6, Tc(III) and Tc(V) were formed, and questionably Tc(IV); at pH 6 to 10, Tc(V); above pH 10, Tc(III), Tc(V), and probably Tc(IV). In L-tartrate below pH 6, Tc(III), Tc(IV), and Tc(V) were formed; above pH 6, Tc(IV) and Tc(V). In citrate below pH 10, Tc(III), Tc(IV), and Tc(V) were formed; above pH 10, Tc(IV) and Tc(V). For all four ligands the initial product of reduction by Sn(II) at pH 3 to 9 was Tc(V). In freshly prepared tin-labeled imaging agents of this class, the oxidation state is probably Tc(V). Lower stable oxidation states exist, attainable by using reducing agents stronger than tin; these may show altered imaging properties.

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