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Experimental Basis for Myocardial Imaging with ¹²³I-Labeled Hexadecenoic Acid

Center for the Health Sciences and Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California

Correspondence: For reprints contact: Norman Poe, Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, 900 Veteran Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90024.

ABSTRACT

Progress in myocardial perfusion imaging has been slowed by the lack of radiopharmaceuticals with suitable physical and biologic characteristics. Hexadecenoic acid, terminally labeled with ¹²³I, partially overcomes these limitations by providing a compound that concentrates in the myocardium in proportion to relative regional blood flow and carries a gamma-emitter with desirable detection and imaging qualities. After intravenous injection in experimental animals, the clearance half-times of hexadecenoic acid for blood and myocardium are 1.7 and 20 min, respectively. These values compare favorably with 18-carbon fatty-acid analogs labeled with ¹¹C. In acute and chronic infarction, similar distribution patterns are found for hexadecenoic acid and ⁴³K, which indicates that hexadecenoic acid is a suitable substitute for the potassium analogs now in use for myocardial imaging. Because of the high count rates obtainable with ¹²³I-hexadecenoic acid, good-quality images can be acquired in as little as 2–3 min per view. Iodine-123-hexadecenoic acid is potentially a useful radiopharmaceutical for clinical application.